Although both disease have similar clinical symptoms, but ASF have higher mortality rate which reach 100% than CSF. Respiratory lesion is common in ASF but not CSF.
Below is a comparison table between ASF and CSF.
Classical Swine Fever | African Swune Fever | |
Highly contagious, rapid spread, endemic in most Asian countries due large herd size | All age affected (include finisher, sow) | |
Agent | Flaviviridae(lipid envelop RNA virus, stable in adverse condition) | Asfarviridae, large, icosahedral, linear double-stranded DNA virus 2 genotype |
Reason for outbreak | Introduction of new pig, vaccination programme lapse, change in vaccine programme, Swill feeding, mechanical mean  | Tick transmission( Europe country), wild pigs( warthogs) Swill meal,mechanical transmission (Asian country)  |
CS | Acute(highly virulent strain)=sudden onset, short period 10-20day(pyrexia 40-41C, depression, anorexia, convulsion, hemorrhage, nervous sign( non suppurative encephalitis Conjunctivitis,constipation, chilled, shiver Subacute(low virulent strain)=1-3 mth, depress, fever, recover, emaciation, stunted growth, secondary bacteria pneumonia Profuse watery yellowish diarrhea Chronic=wasting syndrome, ill, depress, stunted growth, some resemble skin dermatitis, no hemorrhage evidences | Acute resembles CSF, erysipelas Incubation period= 4-19 days CS depend on virulence, exposure dose, infection route Highly virulent isolates(90-100% mortality)= peracute, acute forms Acute: 4-7 day IP, increase resp rate, high fever 40-42% Moderaly virulent isolates(20-40%)=acute, subacute, chronic, inapparent Subacute- 7-14 days PI, labored respiration, fever, hemorrhage, mild joint swelling Low virulent isolates(10-30%)= subacute, chronic, inapparent
|
PM | Acute CSF=Red patch skin hemorrhage, purplish discoloration of skin Chronic CSF=button ulcers(complicated with Salmonellosis) | Acute=cyanosis, hemorrhage Subacute-more pronounced hemorrhage Chronic= reddened, raised, necrotic skin areas |
Diagnoses Sample: tonsils | Lab confirmation for chronic, subacute CSF, Direct immunofluorescent test on organ sections(virus isolation, detection of viral antigen), ELISA Gold standard-Virus isolation+ immunofluorescence staining Others: ELISA(widely use), PCR  | Lab test, samples (lymph node, spleen, kidney, lung, blood serum, oral fluid) 1.Antigen=PCR( VP72 genome), IFAT, Hemodsorption test ELISA- screening, 2. Antibody demonstration= ELISA test, IFAT  |
Control and Prevention | COMPULSORY Vaccine Live attenuated vaccine in endemic country (Sow and litter at weaning 4 week, revaccinate at 7/8 weeks of age) Subunit vaccine less use no ideal protective levels  | No effective tx or vaccine Restrict pig movement Country with ASF contingency plan Biosecurity can prevent ASF  |
